航天器SDRE控制方法综述

非线性SDRE控制技术因其在处理航天器动态系统非线性特性方面的优势而受到广泛关注。该方法通过结合状态依赖的参数,能够有效应对系统的复杂非线性,具有良好的鲁棒性和适应性。本文综述了SDRE在航天领域的进展,特别强调了非线性SDRE方法在提高航天器性能和安全性方面的潜力。首先,本文以经典的LQR理论为基础,介绍了SDRE控制方法的基本概念及其控制器的设计与解算方法。随后,针对多种典型场景下航天器的SDRE控制问题进行了概述和总结,包括SDRE控制方法在航天领域上实施所面临的困难与挑战、在各种航天系统上的应用回顾以及SDRE在航天领域已经成功实现的应用场景。文章的最后部分,探讨了SDRE技术如何与其他先进控制策略相结合,以应对航天器在轨运行中遇到的各种挑战,并针对SDRE非线性优化控制技术在航天领域的更多应用前景进行了展望。     

基于混沌时间序列的飞行冲突预测(英文)

为了准确掌握飞行冲突量的变化规律及其准确预测,对飞行冲突的混沌问题进行了研究。首先,基于人-机-环境系统工程理论,建立飞行冲突的故障树,从定性的角度分析了飞行冲突的混沌特性;然后,建立了基于小数据量方法和小波去噪理论的最大Lyapunov指数λmax的改进混合算法,并利用此方法从定量的角度证明了飞行冲突时间序列中混沌现象的存在;最后,利用混沌预测方法对模拟数据进行预测,并通过灰色误差检验方法对预测结果进行评价。检验结果为后验差比值为0.2209<0.35,小误差概率为0.9853>0.95。结果表明该预测方法的有效性。因此,说明应用混沌理论进行飞行冲突分析与预测是可行的。     

飞机容冰技术的研究进展

回顾了国内外在飞机结冰方面的研究情况。在此基础上．介绍了近年来国外在飞机容冰技术研究中的最新设想——智能防冰系统(SIS),对SIS研究中涉及的结冰气动模型进行了探讨,从飞行安全角度出发．给出了SIS中结冰飞行包线保护系统的基本原理及实现方法。     

自由飞行下基于集成学习的概率型冲突探测算法

空中交通流量的持续增加对中、短期飞行冲突探测的精度与处理大量目标的能力的要求更高,提出基于集成学习(ensemble learning)的冲突探测算法。首先,对飞机冲突过程建模,收集飞行样本;其次,提取飞机当前位置、速度矢量、向前看时间、待转弯时刻和转角为特征量,训练基本分类器,获得元数据集;然后,以支持向量机为二级分类器,元数据集为新的特征量,训练Stacking元分类器(meta classifier),分类阶段通过Sigmoid函数概率映射法输出冲突概率;最后进行仿真分析。结果表明:基于集成学习的冲突探测算法对冲突探测具有较高的准确率,使得虚警概率大幅下降,且适用于转弯飞行。     

月球软着陆过程高精度自主导航避障方法

针对未知地形和障碍会危及着陆安全的问题,给出了一种月球软着陆过程高精度自主导航避障方法,主要包括基于IMU配以测距测速修正的自主绝对导航、障碍识别与目标着陆点选取、针对目标着陆点的相对导航与相对避障控制等算法。该方法在保证着陆精度的同时也大大降低了着陆过程遇到障碍的风险,提高了系统的安全性,已成功应用于实际工程任务。     

A multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm for network-wide conflict-free 4D flight trajectories planning

Under the demand of strategic air traffic flow management and the concept of trajectory based operations (TBO),the network-wide 4D flight trajectories planning (N4DFTP) problem has been investigated with the purpose of safely and efficiently allocating 4D trajectories (4DTs) (3D position and time) for all the flights in the whole airway network.Considering that the introduction of large-scale 4DTs inevitably increases the problem complexity,an efficient model for strategic level conflict management is developed in this paper.Specifically,a bi-objective N4DFTP problem that aims to minimize both potential conflicts and the trajectory cost is formulated.In consideration of the large-scale,high-complexity,and multi-objective characteristics of the N4DFTP problem,a multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm (MOMMA) that incorporates an evolutionary global search framework together with three problem-specific local search operators is implemented.It is capable of rapidly and effectively allocating 4DTs via rerouting,target time controlling,and flight level changing.Additionally,to balance the ability of exploitation and exploration of the algorithm,a special hybridization scheme is adopted for the integration of local and global search.Empirical studies using real air traffic data in China with different network complexities show that the pro posed MOMMA is effective to solve the N4DFTP problem.The solutions achieved are competitive for elaborate decision support under a TBO environment.     

天问一号着陆器双目视觉避障技术

对天问一号双目视觉避障技术的组成、方案及原理进行了介绍,通过图像障碍识别和双目立体地形感知完成天问一号降落过程中的安全着陆点自动选取.通过高分辨率双目匹配和亚像素插值处理,提高远距离双目测量精度;在计算资源严格受限的条件下,采用FPGA作为硬件加速平台,通过功能模块的并行化和流水线设计,提高计算视差和三维信息的速度;为...     

基于CCD着陆相机的行星软着陆岩石检测与规避方法

 提出了一种基于CCD相机的行星软着陆岩石检测与规避方法。首先,利用多分辨率分析方法对着陆区图像进行快速处理,根据着陆区的光照特性检测出着陆区的岩石,针对着陆过程的时间需求,多灰度阈值分割方法被采用;其次,基于无监督聚类算法对着陆区的岩石进行识别并标记,构建着陆区岩石分布的拓扑图;再次,利用激光测距仪得到的高度信息和着陆相机的参数,计算着陆区岩石拓扑图的实际危险区域面积,从而根据着陆器的需求安全范围和探测任务需要,利用安全着陆点的螺旋式搜索方法选择具有冗余度的安全着陆点;最后,建立着陆器安全规避策略,制导控制着陆器进行安全着陆,通过对安装侧向发动机和利用万向节调节推力方向的主发动机两种情况的仿真,实验结果令人满意。     

基于相对轨道要素的航天器相对运动碰撞分析

采用基于相对轨道要素的方法,建立了计算碰撺概率的数学模型.在二体圆轨道条件下,推导验证了与基于Clohessy-wiltshire(C-W)方程的碰撞模型的等价关系,并解决了C-W方程存在的若干问题.在航天器近距离相对运动构型设计中提出了基于相对轨道要素的碰撞分析方法,突出了相对轨道要素在构型设计以及碰撞分析中的作用....     

Group force mobility model and its obstacle avoidance capability

Many mobility models attempt to provide realistic simulation to many real world scenarios. However, existing mobility models, such as RPGM [X. Hong, M. Gerla, G. Pei, C. Chiang, A group mobility model for ad hoc wireless networks, in: Proceedings of ACM/IEEE MSWiM’99, Seattle, WA, August 1999, pp. 53–60] and others, fail to address many aspects. These limitations range from mobile node (MN) collision avoidance, obstacle avoidance, and the interaction of MNs within a group. Our research, the group force mobility model (GFMM) [S.A. Williams, D. Huang, A group force mobility model, Appeared at 9th Communications and Networking Simulation Symposium, April 2006], proposes a novel idea which introduces the concept of attraction and repulsion forces to address many of these limitations. Williams and Huang [A group force mobility model, Appeared at 9th Communications and Networking Simulation Symposium, April 2006] described some of the limitations and drawbacks that many models neglect. This model effectively simulates the interaction of MNs within a group, the interaction of groups to one another, the coherency of a group, and the avoidance of collision with groups, nodes, and obstacles. This paper provides an overview of GFMM and particularly illustrates the GFMM's ability to avoid collision with obstacles, which is a vital property to posses in order to provide a realistic simulaition. We compare our model with the commonly used RPGM model and provide statistical assessments based on connectivity metrics such as link changed, link duration, and relative speed. All will be detailed and explained in this paper.